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RSE International Survey 2022

Education and academic field

  1. Questions in this section
  2. Levels of education
  3. Academic field for education and professional development
  4. Academic field of work

This section contains the information about the type of education the participants have, as well as their highest degree obtained.

We asked the participants, in which field they are working. With that question, it is possible to see which current field employed the most of RSE/RSD. The questions were specific to each country and was multiple choice. Each participant could choose several fields. We then calculate the different proportion by dividing each field by the total of participants that have selected at least one option.

Questions in this section

  • What is the highest level of education you have attained? (one choice list)
  • In which discipline is your highest academic qualification? (one choice list)
  • List any professional qualifications you hold (free text)

Levels of education

Australia

Highest level of education for Australia Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
AQF 10 - Doctoral Degree 19 59.38 63.64 -4.26
AQF 8 - Bachelor Honours Degree / Graduate Certificate / Graduate Diploma 7 21.88 13.13 8.74
AQF 9 - Masters Degree 4 12.5 11.11 1.39
AQF 7 - Bachelor Degree 2 6.25 11.11 -4.86

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2022-08-22T11:26:33.086261 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.5.2, https://matplotlib.org/

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Canada

Highest level of education for Canada Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Doctorate 7 63.64 81.82 -18.18
Masters Degree 4 36.36 9.09 27.27

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Germany

Highest level of education for Germany Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Master degree 121 46.9 50.75 -3.85
Doctorate 118 45.74 39.94 5.8
Undergraduate degree 10 3.88 5.71 -1.83
Final secondary-school examinations, general qualification for university entrance 5 1.94 2.1 -0.16
Other 4 1.55 1.2 0.35

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Netherlands

Highest level of education for Netherlands Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
PhD 34 51.52 50 1.52
WO (Wetenschappelijk onderwijs) Master 26 39.39 37.04 2.36
HBO (Hoger beroepsonderwijs) Master 3 4.55 5.56 -1.01
HBO (Hoger beroepsonderwijs) Bachelor 2 3.03 1.85 1.18
WO (Wetenschappelijk onderwijs) Bachelor 1 1.52 5.56 -4.04

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New Zealand

Highest level of education for New Zealand Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Doctorate 12 42.86 37.84 5.02
Master degree 8 28.57 27.03 1.54
Undergraduate degree 5 17.86 27.03 -9.17
Further Education 2 7.14 nan nan
Other 1 3.57 2.7 0.87

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South Africa

Highest level of education for South Africa Count Percentage
  2 100

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United Kingdom

Highest level of education for United Kingdom Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Doctorate 124 70.86 70.34 0.52
Master degree 35 20 20.34 -0.34
Undergraduate degree 13 7.43 8.9 -1.47
Further Education (NVQ A-Level, …) 1 0.57 nan nan
Other 1 0.57 nan nan
GSCEs 1 0.57 0.42 0.15

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United States

Highest level of education for United States Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Doctorate 84 52.5 45.58 6.92
Undergraduate degree 36 22.5 22.45 0.05
Master degree 36 22.5 31.29 -8.79
Associate degree (typically from a community college) 1 0.62 nan nan
None 1 0.62 nan nan
High School 1 0.62 nan nan
Other 1 0.62 0.68 -0.06

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Rest of the World

Highest level of education for World Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Doctorate 394 39.52 43.32 -3.8
Master degree 247 24.77 29.45 -4.67
Undergraduate degree 69 6.92 9.45 -2.53
doctorate 65 6.52 nan nan
PhD 34 3.41 2.71 0.7
  31 3.11 0.4 2.71
doctorat 29 2.91 nan nan
WO (Wetenschappelijk onderwijs) Master 26 2.61 2.01 0.6
AQF 10 - Doctoral Degree 19 1.91 6.33 -4.43
AQF 8 - Bachelor Honours Degree / Graduate Certificate / Graduate Diploma 7 0.7 1.31 -0.6
Other 7 0.7 0.8 -0.1
Final secondary-school examinations, general qualification for university entrance 5 0.5 0.7 -0.2
Masters Degree 4 0.4 0.1 0.3
AQF 9 - Masters Degree 4 0.4 1.11 -0.7
licentiate 3 0.3 nan nan
HBO (Hoger beroepsonderwijs) Master 3 0.3 0.3 -0
diplôme dingénieur 2 0.2 nan nan
bac+5 2 0.2 nan nan
AQF 7 - Bachelor Degree 2 0.2 1.11 -0.9
doctorat (phd) 2 0.2 nan nan
associate 2 0.2 nan nan
HBO (Hoger beroepsonderwijs) Bachelor 2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Further Education 2 0.2 nan nan
high school 2 0.2 nan nan
bac +5 2 0.2 nan nan
diplome dingenieur (baccalaureat +5) 1 0.1 nan nan
bsc (currently attending; not graduated) 1 0.1 nan nan
High School 1 0.1 nan nan
None 1 0.1 nan nan
magister 1 0.1 nan nan
bsc in computer science 1 0.1 nan nan
master degree 1 0.1 nan nan
Associate degree (typically from a community college) 1 0.1 nan nan
bac+2 1 0.1 nan nan
ma 1 0.1 nan nan
enrolled in phd (computer science) 1 0.1 nan nan
masters of science 1 0.1 nan nan
maestria 1 0.1 nan nan
bsc 1 0.1 nan nan
hochschule 1 0.1 nan nan
doctorant 1 0.1 nan nan
doctorat + 2ans de post-doc 1 0.1 nan nan
WO (Wetenschappelijk onderwijs) Bachelor 1 0.1 0.3 -0.2
btech 1 0.1 nan nan
pre-bachelor 1 0.1 nan nan
habilitation à diriger des thèses - thèse 1 0.1 nan nan
Further Education (NVQ A-Level, …) 1 0.1 0.4 -0.3
graduate degree 1 0.1 nan nan
bac+8 1 0.1 nan nan
applicable 1 0.1 nan nan
phd candidate 1 0.1 nan nan
bac+4 1 0.1 nan nan
mastère spécialisé (bac +6) 1 0.1 nan nan
italian laurea (5 years with thesis) roughly master 1 0.1 nan nan
je suis actuellement en doctorat 1 0.1 nan nan
bac +3 1 0.1 nan nan
GSCEs 1 0.1 0.1 -0

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Comparison between countries

Even if the countries have different education levels, it is possible to match them on the common “Doctorate” and “Master degree”. Therefore we compare them with these two equivalent levels and merge all others under the category “other”.

Country education comparison Total count Percentage per countries
Australia Doctorate 82 62.6
Australia Other 34 25.95
Australia Master degree 15 11.45
Canada Doctorate 16 72.73
Canada Other 6 27.27
Germany Master degree 290 49.07
Germany Doctorate 251 42.47
Germany Other 50 8.46
Netherlands Doctorate 61 50.83
Netherlands Master degree 52 43.33
Netherlands Other 7 5.83
New Zealand Doctorate 26 40
New Zealand Other 21 32.31
New Zealand Master degree 18 27.69
South Africa Other 12 48
South Africa Doctorate 7 28
South Africa Master degree 6 24
United Kingdom Doctorate 290 70.56
United Kingdom Master degree 83 20.19
United Kingdom Other 38 9.25
United States Doctorate 151 49.19
United States Master degree 82 26.71
United States Other 74 24.1
World Other 175 54.69
World Doctorate 84 26.25
World Master degree 61 19.06

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Academic field for education and professional development

Alongside of question about education level we also asked the participants in which field they finished their highest level of education. Here again the propositions were specific to each countries so the comparison is difficult despite lot of overlapping in the categories.

Australia

Field of education for Australia Count Percentage
Physical sciences 9 28.12
Information and computing sciences 7 21.88
Earth sciences 5 15.62
Engineering 4 12.5
Biological sciences 2 6.25
Health sciences 1 3.12
Psychology 1 3.12
Biomedical and clinical sciences 1 3.12
Environmental sciences 1 3.12
Language, communication and culture 1 3.12

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Canada

Field of education for Canada Count Percentage
Computer Science 4 36.36
Mathematics 2 18.18
Physics and Astronomy 2 18.18
Psychology 1 9.09
General Engineering 1 9.09
Business & Management Studies 1 9.09

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Germany

Field of education for Germany Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Physics and Astronomy 58 22.48 22.52 -0.04
Computer Science 57 22.09 25.53 -3.43
Mathematics 23 8.91 7.21 1.71
Biological Sciences 17 6.59 7.21 -0.62
Mechanical Engineering 15 5.81 3.3 2.51
Geography & Environmental Sciences 13 5.04 7.51 -2.47
Civil Engineering 10 3.88 1.2 2.67
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 9 3.49 5.41 -1.92
Geology 7 2.71 2.7 0.01
Linguistics 5 1.94 0.6 1.34
General Engineering 5 1.94 1.5 0.44
Chemistry 5 1.94 0.9 1.04
History 4 1.55 1.5 0.05
Agriculture & Forestry 4 1.55 0.3 1.25
Economics 3 1.16 0.9 0.26
  3 1.16 1.2 -0.04
Chemical Engineering 2 0.78 1.5 -0.73
Medicine 2 0.78 0.3 0.47
Philosophy 2 0.78 0.9 -0.13
Librarianship & Information Management 2 0.78 0.9 -0.13
German 2 0.78 0.9 -0.13
Anthropology 1 0.39 nan nan
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
Business & Management Studies 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
Communication & Media Studies 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
Psychology 1 0.39 0.6 -0.21
Classics & Ancient History 1 0.39 0.6 -0.21
Materials Technology 1 0.39 1.8 -1.41
Sociology 1 0.39 nan nan
Middle Eastern and African Studies 1 0.39 nan nan
Veterinary Medicine 1 0.39 nan nan

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Netherlands

Field of education for Netherlands Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 16 24.24 20.37 3.87
Physics and Astronomy 14 21.21 33.33 -12.12
Biological Sciences 10 15.15 14.81 0.34
Chemistry 4 6.06 5.56 0.51
Geography & Environmental Sciences 4 6.06 3.7 2.36
Psychology 3 4.55 1.85 2.69
Mathematics 2 3.03 1.85 1.18
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 2 3.03 3.7 -0.67
Linguistics 2 3.03 nan nan
Medicine 2 3.03 nan nan
Communication & Media Studies 2 3.03 1.85 1.18
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 1 1.52 1.85 -0.34
  1 1.52 nan nan
Fashion 1 1.52 nan nan
Sociology 1 1.52 nan nan
Civil Engineering 1 1.52 3.7 -2.19

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New Zealand

Field of education for New Zealand Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Mathematics 5 17.86 10.81 7.05
Physics and Astronomy 5 17.86 10.81 7.05
Biological Sciences 5 17.86 18.92 -1.06
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 3 10.71 5.41 5.31
Computer Science 3 10.71 29.73 -19.02
Geography & Environmental Sciences 2 7.14 2.7 4.44
Linguistics 1 3.57 nan nan
General Engineering 1 3.57 2.7 0.87
Agriculture & Forestry 1 3.57 nan nan
Classics & Ancient History 1 3.57 nan nan
Mechanical Engineering 1 3.57 5.41 -1.83

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South Africa

Field of education for South Africa Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Biological Sciences 2 100 17.39 82.61

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United Kingdom

Field of education for United Kingdom Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Physics and Astronomy 55 31.43 34.32 -2.89
Computer Science 49 28 23.73 4.27
Mathematics 15 8.57 7.63 0.94
Biological Sciences 13 7.43 11.86 -4.44
Chemistry 10 5.71 5.08 0.63
Geography & Environmental Sciences 8 4.57 4.66 -0.09
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 6 3.43 2.54 0.89
Mechanical Engineering 4 2.29 0.85 1.44
English 2 1.14 0.85 0.3
  2 1.14 0.42 0.72
Medicine 2 1.14 0.85 0.3
Theology & Religious Studies 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
Geology 1 0.57 1.69 -1.12
Robotics 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
History 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
Ophthalmics 1 0.57 nan nan
Economics 1 0.57 nan nan
French 1 0.57 nan nan
Music 1 0.57 nan nan
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 1 0.57 0.85 -0.28

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United States

Field of education for United States Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 37 23.12 25.85 -2.73
Physics and Astronomy 31 19.38 29.93 -10.56
Mathematics 19 11.88 8.84 3.03
Biological Sciences 17 10.62 9.52 1.1
Chemistry 12 7.5 1.36 6.14
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 7 4.38 4.08 0.29
Mechanical Engineering 5 3.12 1.36 1.76
Materials Technology 5 3.12 1.36 1.76
Psychology 3 1.88 0.68 1.19
  3 1.88 1.36 0.51
Geography & Environmental Sciences 3 1.88 2.72 -0.85
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 2 1.25 nan nan
Chemical Engineering 2 1.25 1.36 -0.11
Philosophy 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74
Accounting & Finance 1 0.62 0.68 -0.06
Economics 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74
Agriculture & Forestry 1 0.62 nan nan
Anatomy & Physiology 1 0.62 nan nan
History 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74
English 1 0.62 nan nan
Music 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74
East & South Asian Studies 1 0.62 0.68 -0.06
Town & Country Planning and Landscape Design 1 0.62 nan nan
Politics 1 0.62 0.68 -0.06
Sociology 1 0.62 nan nan
General Engineering 1 0.62 nan nan
Geology 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74

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2022-08-22T11:26:56.715824 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.5.2, https://matplotlib.org/

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World

Field of education for World Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 233 23.37 22.11 1.26
Physics and Astronomy 216 21.66 23.42 -1.75
Biological Sciences 103 10.33 9.55 0.78
Mathematics 81 8.12 6.93 1.19
Chemistry 48 4.81 2.21 2.6
Geography & Environmental Sciences 38 3.81 4.62 -0.81
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 35 3.51 3.62 -0.11
Mechanical Engineering 28 2.81 1.71 1.1
  18 1.81 1.21 0.6
Geology 15 1.5 1.61 -0.1
Civil Engineering 14 1.4 0.9 0.5
Psychology 13 1.3 0.7 0.6
General Engineering 11 1.1 1.11 -0
Agriculture & Forestry 10 1 0.1 0.9
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 9 0.9 0.4 0.5
Physical sciences 9 0.9 nan nan
Chemical Engineering 8 0.8 1.01 -0.2
History 8 0.8 0.8 -0
Linguistics 8 0.8 0.3 0.5
Medicine 8 0.8 0.4 0.4
Information and computing sciences 7 0.7 nan nan
Materials Technology 6 0.6 0.9 -0.3
Economics 6 0.6 0.6 -0
Earth sciences 5 0.5 nan nan
Business & Management Studies 5 0.5 0.6 -0.1
Robotics 5 0.5 0.3 0.2
Sociology 4 0.4 0.2 0.2
Engineering 4 0.4 nan nan
Philosophy 3 0.3 0.5 -0.2
Communication & Media Studies 3 0.3 0.3 -0
English 3 0.3 0.3 -0
Music 2 0.2 0.2 -0
German 2 0.2 0.3 -0.1
Classics & Ancient History 2 0.2 0.2 -0
Sports Science 2 0.2 nan nan
Anthropology 2 0.2 nan nan
Librarianship & Information Management 2 0.2 0.4 -0.2
Biological sciences 2 0.2 nan nan
Politics 2 0.2 0.2 -0
Biomedical and clinical sciences 1 0.1 nan nan
Environmental sciences 1 0.1 nan nan
Town & Country Planning and Landscape Design 1 0.1 nan nan
Dentistry 1 0.1 nan nan
Language, communication and culture 1 0.1 nan nan
Ophthalmics 1 0.1 nan nan
East & South Asian Studies 1 0.1 0.1 -0
Veterinary Medicine 1 0.1 nan nan
Middle Eastern and African Studies 1 0.1 nan nan
Fashion 1 0.1 nan nan
Art & Design 1 0.1 0.2 -0.1
Anatomy & Physiology 1 0.1 nan nan
Health sciences 1 0.1 nan nan
Education 1 0.1 0.4 -0.3
Theology & Religious Studies 1 0.1 0.2 -0.1
Accounting & Finance 1 0.1 0.2 -0.1
French 1 0.1 nan nan

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Academic field of work

Australia

field of work for Australia Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Information and computing sciences 12 37.5 0 37.5
Biomedical and clinical sciences 7 21.88 0 21.88
Biological sciences 6 18.75 0 18.75
Earth sciences 6 18.75 0 18.75
Physical sciences 6 18.75 0 18.75
Health sciences 6 18.75 0 18.75
Language, communication and culture 5 15.62 0 15.62
Built environment and design 5 15.62 0 15.62
Engineering 5 15.62 0 15.62
Human society 4 12.5 0 12.5
Chemical sciences 4 12.5 0 12.5
Environmental sciences 4 12.5 0 12.5
History, heritage and archaeology 4 12.5 0 12.5
Commerce, management, tourism and services 4 12.5 0 12.5
Education.1 3 9.38 0 9.38
Economics.1 3 9.38 0 9.38
Indigenous studies 2 6.25 0 6.25
Mathematical sciences 2 6.25 0 6.25
Psychology.1 2 6.25 0 6.25
Law and legal studies 1 3.12 0 3.12
Philosophy and religious studies 1 3.12 0 3.12
Creative arts and writing 1 3.12 0 3.12
12 Built Environment and Design 0 0 2.02 -2.02
03 Chemical Sciences 0 0 10.1 -10.1
04 Earth Sciences 0 0 22.22 -22.22
05 Environmental Sciences 0 0 21.21 -21.21
06 Biological Sciences 0 0 34.34 -34.34
07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences 0 0 10.1 -10.1
08 Information and Computing Sciences 0 0 45.45 -45.45
09 Engineering 0 0 23.23 -23.23
10 Technology 0 0 26.26 -26.26
11 Medical and Health Sciences 0 0 24.24 -24.24
13 Education 0 0 9.09 -9.09
14 Economics 0 0 2.02 -2.02
15 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services 0 0 2.02 -2.02
16 Studies in Human Society 0 0 4.04 -4.04
17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences 0 0 3.03 -3.03
18 Law and Legal Studies 0 0 1.01 -1.01
19 Studies in Creative Arts and Writing 0 0 3.03 -3.03
20 Language, Communication and Culture 0 0 5.05 -5.05
21 History and Archaeology 0 0 3.03 -3.03
22 Philosophy and Religious Studies 0 0 3.03 -3.03
02 Physical Sciences 0 0 36.36 -36.36
01 Mathematical Sciences 0 0 24.24 -24.24

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Canada

field of work for Canada Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 7 63.64 0 63.64
Mathematics 4 36.36 0 36.36
Psychology 3 27.27 0 27.27
Biological Sciences 3 27.27 0 27.27
Physics and Astronomy 3 27.27 0 27.27
Medicine 2 18.18 0 18.18
Mechanical Engineering 1 9.09 0 9.09
Geography & Environmental Sciences 1 9.09 0 9.09
Accounting & Finance 1 9.09 0 9.09
Art & Design 1 9.09 0 9.09
General Engineering 1 9.09 0 9.09
Chemistry 1 9.09 0 9.09
Social Work 1 9.09 0 9.09
History of Art, Architecture & Design 1 9.09 0 9.09
CONDENSED MATTERPHYSICS 0 0 9.09 -9.09
EARTH SCIENCE 0 0 9.09 -9.09
ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 0 0 27.27 -27.27
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 0 0 9.09 -9.09
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 0 0 36.36 -36.36
THEORETICAL PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 0 0 9.09 -9.09
FLUID MECHANICS 0 0 9.09 -9.09
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 0 0 9.09 -9.09
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 0 0 9.09 -9.09
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING 0 0 9.09 -9.09
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 0 0 9.09 -9.09
PHYSICS 0 0 9.09 -9.09
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 0 0 18.18 -18.18
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 0 0 18.18 -18.18
APPLIED MATHEMATICS 0 0 9.09 -9.09
HYDROLOGY 0 0 9.09 -9.09
EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY 0 0 18.18 -18.18
MICROBIOLOGY 0 0 9.09 -9.09
PSYCHOLOGY 0 0 18.18 -18.18
LIFE SCIENCES RESEARCH RELATED TO HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE 0 0 18.18 -18.18
OTHER STUDIES IN NATURAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 0 0 18.18 -18.18
HEALTH SCIENCES 0 0 9.09 -9.09

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Germany

field of work for Germany Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 104 40.31 41.44 -1.13
Biological Sciences 52 20.16 15.92 4.24
Geography & Environmental Sciences 51 19.77 16.82 2.95
Physics and Astronomy 50 19.38 24.32 -4.94
Mathematics 28 10.85 10.81 0.04
Geology 21 8.14 6.91 1.23
Education 18 6.98 4.5 2.47
Agriculture & Forestry 15 5.81 3.6 2.21
Librarianship & Information Management 15 5.81 4.2 1.61
Medicine 14 5.43 4.8 0.62
Chemistry 13 5.04 4.8 0.23
Mechanical Engineering 12 4.65 9.01 -4.36
Linguistics 10 3.88 2.7 1.17
History 10 3.88 3.6 0.27
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 10 3.88 12.01 -8.14
Civil Engineering 10 3.88 3 0.87
General Engineering 9 3.49 6.91 -3.42
Materials Technology 7 2.71 6.61 -3.89
Chemical Engineering 7 2.71 2.4 0.31
Communication & Media Studies 6 2.33 3 -0.68
Sociology 6 2.33 0.9 1.42
Philosophy 5 1.94 1.5 0.44
Economics 5 1.94 2.4 -0.46
Robotics 5 1.94 8.11 -6.17
Psychology 4 1.55 1.8 -0.25
Law 4 1.55 1.8 -0.25
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 4 1.55 5.71 -4.16
Classics & Ancient History 4 1.55 2.7 -1.15
Politics 3 1.16 1.5 -0.34
German 3 1.16 3.6 -2.44
History of Art, Architecture & Design 3 1.16 1.2 -0.04
Theology & Religious Studies 3 1.16 2.1 -0.94
East & South Asian Studies 2 0.78 0.3 0.47
Music 2 0.78 0.9 -0.13
Middle Eastern and African Studies 2 0.78 0.6 0.17
Business & Management Studies 2 0.78 1.2 -0.43
Town & Country Planning and Landscape Design 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
Food Science 1 0.39 0.9 -0.51
Social Work 1 0.39 0.6 -0.21
American Studies 1 0.39 0.9 -0.51
Anthropology 1 0.39 0.6 -0.21
French 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
Veterinary Medicine 1 0.39 0.6 -0.21
Iberian Languages/Hispanic Studies 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
English 1 0.39 0.6 -0.21
Social Policy 1 0.39 0.3 0.09
Youth Work 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Sports Science 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Russian & East European Languages 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Physiotherapy 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Pharmacology & Pharmacy 0 0 1.2 -1.2
Ophthalmics 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Nursing 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Marketing 0 0 0.9 -0.9
Land & Property Management 0 0 0.6 -0.6
Hospitality, Leisure, Recreation & Tourism 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Fashion 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Dentistry 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Criminology 0 0 0.9 -0.9
Counselling 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Complementary Medicine 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Art & Design 0 0 1.2 -1.2
Architecture 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Anatomy & Physiology 0 0 0.3 -0.3
Accounting & Finance 0 0 0.9 -0.9

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Netherlands

field of work for Netherlands Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 26 39.39 37.04 2.36
Physics and Astronomy 21 31.82 27.78 4.04
Biological Sciences 21 31.82 25.93 5.89
Medicine 11 16.67 20.37 -3.7
Geography & Environmental Sciences 11 16.67 14.81 1.85
Linguistics 7 10.61 7.41 3.2
Communication & Media Studies 7 10.61 5.56 5.05
Chemistry 6 9.09 9.26 -0.17
Psychology 6 9.09 3.7 5.39
Mathematics 5 7.58 1.85 5.72
Materials Technology 5 7.58 0 7.58
Sociology 5 7.58 1.85 5.72
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 4 6.06 1.85 4.21
Mechanical Engineering 4 6.06 0 6.06
General Engineering 3 4.55 1.85 2.69
Pharmacology & Pharmacy 3 4.55 1.85 2.69
History 3 4.55 5.56 -1.01
Food Science 3 4.55 1.85 2.69
Politics 3 4.55 1.85 2.69
Philosophy 2 3.03 1.85 1.18
Librarianship & Information Management 2 3.03 0 3.03
English 2 3.03 0 3.03
Art & Design 2 3.03 1.85 1.18
Chemical Engineering 2 3.03 1.85 1.18
Civil Engineering 2 3.03 3.7 -0.67
Anthropology 2 3.03 0 3.03
Education 1 1.52 5.56 -4.04
Sports Science 1 1.52 0 1.52
Accounting & Finance 1 1.52 0 1.52
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 1 1.52 0 1.52
Classics & Ancient History 1 1.52 1.85 -0.34
Marketing 1 1.52 0 1.52
Agriculture & Forestry 1 1.52 0 1.52
Complementary Medicine 1 1.52 0 1.52
Economics 1 1.52 0 1.52
Anatomy & Physiology 1 1.52 1.85 -0.34
Law 1 1.52 0 1.52
History of Art, Architecture & Design 1 1.52 1.85 -0.34
German 1 1.52 0 1.52
Business & Management Studies 1 1.52 0 1.52
Geology 1 1.52 0 1.52
Veterinary Medicine 1 1.52 0 1.52
Ophthalmics 0 0 1.85 -1.85
Dentistry 0 0 1.85 -1.85

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New Zealand

field of work for New Zealand Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Biological Sciences 15 53.57 27.03 26.54
Computer Science 10 35.71 45.95 -10.23
Mathematics 9 32.14 18.92 13.22
Physics and Astronomy 8 28.57 24.32 4.25
Geography & Environmental Sciences 8 28.57 40.54 -11.97
General Engineering 4 14.29 10.81 3.47
Chemistry 3 10.71 8.11 2.61
Agriculture & Forestry 3 10.71 8.11 2.61
Linguistics 2 7.14 5.41 1.74
Business & Management Studies 2 7.14 0 7.14
Civil Engineering 2 7.14 13.51 -6.37
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 2 7.14 5.41 1.74
Geology 2 7.14 8.11 -0.97
Food Science 2 7.14 0 7.14
Criminology 2 7.14 0 7.14
Materials Technology 2 7.14 8.11 -0.97
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 1 3.57 10.81 -7.24
Economics 1 3.57 0 3.57
Mechanical Engineering 1 3.57 10.81 -7.24
Medicine 1 3.57 5.41 -1.83
Psychology 1 3.57 2.7 0.87
Education 1 3.57 5.41 -1.83
Robotics 1 3.57 2.7 0.87
Dentistry 1 3.57 0 3.57
Anatomy & Physiology 1 3.57 2.7 0.87
Chemical Engineering 1 3.57 2.7 0.87
Complementary Medicine 1 3.57 0 3.57
Communication & Media Studies 1 3.57 2.7 0.87
Classics & Ancient History 1 3.57 0 3.57
Social Work 0 0 2.7 -2.7
History 0 0 2.7 -2.7
Art & Design 0 0 2.7 -2.7
Anthropology 0 0 2.7 -2.7
Accounting & Finance 0 0 2.7 -2.7
Youth Work 0 0 2.7 -2.7

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South Africa

field of work for South Africa Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Agriculture & Forestry 2 100 0 100
Biological Sciences 2 100 43.48 56.52
Education 0 0 17.39 -17.39
Librarianship & Information Management 0 0 4.35 -4.35
Linguistics 0 0 4.35 -4.35
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 0 0 8.7 -8.7
Economics 0 0 4.35 -4.35
Communication & Media Studies 0 0 4.35 -4.35
Computer Science 0 0 52.17 -52.17
Mathematics 0 0 8.7 -8.7
Physics and Astronomy 0 0 17.39 -17.39
Psychology 0 0 4.35 -4.35

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United Kingdom

field of work for United Kingdom Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 83 47.43 37.29 10.14
Physics and Astronomy 59 33.71 38.14 -4.42
Biological Sciences 54 30.86 28.39 2.47
Medicine 48 27.43 16.53 10.9
Mathematics 42 24 12.71 11.29
Geography & Environmental Sciences 37 21.14 18.22 2.92
Chemistry 28 16 15.68 0.32
Mechanical Engineering 23 13.14 8.47 4.67
Education 23 13.14 7.2 5.94
General Engineering 19 10.86 7.2 3.65
Materials Technology 19 10.86 7.2 3.65
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 19 10.86 6.78 4.08
Psychology 18 10.29 3.39 6.9
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 17 9.71 5.08 4.63
Civil Engineering 14 8 5.51 2.49
Geology 11 6.29 5.08 1.2
Chemical Engineering 11 6.29 5.93 0.35
Librarianship & Information Management 11 6.29 3.39 2.9
History 10 5.71 4.24 1.48
Robotics 10 5.71 4.66 1.05
English 9 5.14 2.54 2.6
Linguistics 9 5.14 3.81 1.33
Sociology 9 5.14 4.66 0.48
Economics 7 4 4.66 -0.66
Business & Management Studies 7 4 1.27 2.73
Agriculture & Forestry 7 4 5.08 -1.08
Classics & Ancient History 6 3.43 3.39 0.04
Pharmacology & Pharmacy 6 3.43 3.39 0.04
Art & Design 6 3.43 2.54 0.89
Architecture 6 3.43 1.27 2.16
Accounting & Finance 6 3.43 2.12 1.31
Sports Science 5 2.86 1.27 1.59
Music 5 2.86 1.69 1.16
Anthropology 5 2.86 0.85 2.01
Anatomy & Physiology 5 2.86 2.12 0.74
Social Work 5 2.86 0.85 2.01
Ophthalmics 4 2.29 1.27 1.01
Social Policy 4 2.29 2.97 -0.68
Criminology 4 2.29 1.69 0.59
Food Science 4 2.29 1.27 1.01
Law 3 1.71 0.85 0.87
Nursing 3 1.71 1.27 0.44
Theology & Religious Studies 3 1.71 1.27 0.44
Dentistry 3 1.71 1.69 0.02
Politics 3 1.71 0.42 1.29
Physiotherapy 3 1.71 0.42 1.29
Philosophy 3 1.71 0.85 0.87
Veterinary Medicine 3 1.71 0.85 0.87
History of Art, Architecture & Design 3 1.71 2.12 -0.4
Marketing 3 1.71 0.85 0.87
Town & Country Planning and Landscape Design 2 1.14 1.69 -0.55
Complementary Medicine 2 1.14 1.27 -0.13
French 1 0.57 1.69 -1.12
Counselling 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
American Studies 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
Middle Eastern and African Studies 1 0.57 0.85 -0.28
Youth Work 1 0.57 0.85 -0.28
Land & Property Management 1 0.57 1.27 -0.7
Communication & Media Studies 1 0.57 2.12 -1.55
Iberian Languages/Hispanic Studies 1 0.57 1.27 -0.7
Russian & East European Languages 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
Hospitality, Leisure, Recreation & Tourism 1 0.57 0.42 0.15
German 1 0.57 0.85 -0.28
East & South Asian Studies 1 0.57 0.85 -0.28
Fashion 1 0.57 0.42 0.15

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2022-08-22T11:27:17.047924 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.5.2, https://matplotlib.org/

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United States

field of work for United States Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 75 46.88 40.14 6.74
Biological Sciences 43 26.88 26.53 0.34
Physics and Astronomy 42 26.25 42.86 -16.61
Geography & Environmental Sciences 23 14.37 15.65 -1.27
Mathematics 21 13.12 10.2 2.92
Materials Technology 16 10 3.4 6.6
Medicine 13 8.12 6.12 2
Chemistry 13 8.12 2.72 5.4
Sociology 12 7.5 3.4 4.1
Psychology 12 7.5 2.04 5.46
Economics 11 6.88 5.44 1.43
Librarianship & Information Management 10 6.25 2.04 4.21
Agriculture & Forestry 9 5.62 1.36 4.26
Mechanical Engineering 9 5.62 2.72 2.9
Civil Engineering 9 5.62 1.36 4.26
Geology 9 5.62 4.08 1.54
Politics 8 5 2.04 2.96
History 8 5 2.04 2.96
General Engineering 8 5 1.36 3.64
Linguistics 8 5 2.04 2.96
Chemical Engineering 8 5 4.08 0.92
Education 7 4.38 3.4 0.97
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 7 4.38 5.44 -1.07
Anthropology 6 3.75 2.72 1.03
English 5 3.12 0.68 2.44
Law 5 3.12 0.68 2.44
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 4 2.5 0 2.5
Robotics 4 2.5 1.36 1.14
Social Policy 4 2.5 3.4 -0.9
Business & Management Studies 4 2.5 2.04 0.46
Accounting & Finance 4 2.5 1.36 1.14
Criminology 4 2.5 0.68 1.82
French 3 1.88 0 1.88
East & South Asian Studies 3 1.88 0 1.88
Communication & Media Studies 2 1.25 2.04 -0.79
History of Art, Architecture & Design 2 1.25 0 1.25
Town & Country Planning and Landscape Design 2 1.25 0.68 0.57
American Studies 2 1.25 1.36 -0.11
Anatomy & Physiology 2 1.25 2.04 -0.79
Philosophy 2 1.25 0.68 0.57
Art & Design 2 1.25 1.36 -0.11
Classics & Ancient History 2 1.25 0.68 0.57
Social Work 1 0.62 0 0.62
Middle Eastern and African Studies 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74
Russian & East European Languages 1 0.62 0 0.62
Music 1 0.62 0 0.62
Dentistry 1 0.62 0 0.62
Architecture 1 0.62 1.36 -0.74
Food Science 1 0.62 0 0.62
Marketing 1 0.62 0.68 -0.06
Counselling 1 0.62 0 0.62
Complementary Medicine 1 0.62 0.68 -0.06
German 1 0.62 0 0.62
Veterinary Medicine 0 0 1.36 -1.36
Theology & Religious Studies 0 0 1.36 -1.36
Pharmacology & Pharmacy 0 0 2.72 -2.72
Land & Property Management 0 0 0.68 -0.68

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2022-08-22T11:27:20.152303 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.5.2, https://matplotlib.org/

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World

field of work for World Count Percentage Percentage in 2018 Difference with previous year
Computer Science 425 42.63 35.58 7.05
Biological Sciences 273 27.38 21.61 5.77
Physics and Astronomy 248 24.87 27.14 -2.26
Geography & Environmental Sciences 159 15.95 15.38 0.57
Mathematics 147 14.74 10.05 4.69
Medicine 111 11.13 8.34 2.79
Chemistry 95 9.53 6.73 2.79
Mechanical Engineering 66 6.62 5.83 0.79
Education 65 6.52 5.13 1.39
Materials Technology 59 5.92 4.92 0.99
Agriculture & Forestry 59 5.92 3.22 2.7
General Engineering 57 5.72 5.13 0.59
Geology 54 5.42 4.62 0.79
Psychology 51 5.12 2.41 2.7
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 47 4.71 6.93 -2.22
Civil Engineering 46 4.61 3.42 1.2
Linguistics 45 4.51 2.91 1.6
Librarianship & Information Management 45 4.51 2.71 1.8
Chemical Engineering 40 4.01 3.02 1
History 39 3.91 3.12 0.8
Sociology 37 3.71 2.31 1.4
Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering 31 3.11 3.72 -0.61
Robotics 30 3.01 4.12 -1.11
Economics 30 3.01 3.02 -0.01
Business & Management Studies 23 2.31 1.11 1.2
Communication & Media Studies 22 2.21 2.51 -0.31
English 20 2.01 1.01 1
Politics 20 2.01 1.21 0.8
Classics & Ancient History 19 1.91 2.11 -0.2
Anthropology 17 1.71 0.9 0.8
Accounting & Finance 16 1.6 1.11 0.5
Food Science 15 1.5 0.7 0.8
Philosophy 15 1.5 1.01 0.5
Law 15 1.5 0.9 0.6
Art & Design 13 1.3 1.51 -0.2
History of Art, Architecture & Design 12 1.2 1.11 0.1
Music 12 1.2 0.7 0.5
Information and computing sciences 12 1.2 0 1.2
Pharmacology & Pharmacy 11 1.1 1.91 -0.81
Social Policy 11 1.1 1.41 -0.3
Anatomy & Physiology 10 1 1.31 -0.3
Criminology 10 1 0.8 0.2
Sports Science 9 0.9 0.4 0.5
Social Work 9 0.9 0.6 0.3
German 9 0.9 1.51 -0.6
East & South Asian Studies 9 0.9 0.3 0.6
Architecture 8 0.8 0.7 0.1
Biomedical and clinical sciences 7 0.7 0 0.7
Middle Eastern and African Studies 7 0.7 0.7 -0
Veterinary Medicine 7 0.7 0.6 0.1
French 7 0.7 0.6 0.1
Theology & Religious Studies 7 0.7 1.21 -0.5
Earth sciences 6 0.6 0 0.6
Biological sciences 6 0.6 0 0.6
Health sciences 6 0.6 0 0.6
Complementary Medicine 6 0.6 0.5 0.1
Physical sciences 6 0.6 0 0.6
Built environment and design 5 0.5 0 0.5
Engineering 5 0.5 0 0.5
Language, communication and culture 5 0.5 0 0.5
Town & Country Planning and Landscape Design 5 0.5 0.6 -0.1
Ophthalmics 5 0.5 0.6 -0.1
American Studies 5 0.5 0.6 -0.1
Dentistry 5 0.5 0.6 -0.1
Marketing 5 0.5 0.8 -0.3
Counselling 4 0.4 0.2 0.2
History, heritage and archaeology 4 0.4 0 0.4
Environmental sciences 4 0.4 0 0.4
Iberian Languages/Hispanic Studies 4 0.4 0.5 -0.1
Commerce, management, tourism and services 4 0.4 0 0.4
Chemical sciences 4 0.4 0 0.4
Nursing 4 0.4 0.4 -0
Human society 4 0.4 0 0.4
Economics.1 3 0.3 0 0.3
Education.1 3 0.3 0 0.3
Physiotherapy 3 0.3 0.2 0.1
Mathematical sciences 2 0.2 0 0.2
Psychology.1 2 0.2 0 0.2
Indigenous studies 2 0.2 0 0.2
Russian & East European Languages 2 0.2 0.2 -0
Land & Property Management 2 0.2 0.6 -0.4
Fashion 1 0.1 0.2 -0.1
Creative arts and writing 1 0.1 0 0.1
Law and legal studies 1 0.1 0 0.1
Philosophy and religious studies 1 0.1 0 0.1
Youth Work 1 0.1 0.4 -0.3
Hospitality, Leisure, Recreation & Tourism 1 0.1 0.2 -0.1
02 Physical Sciences 0 0 3.62 -3.62
01 Mathematical Sciences 0 0 2.41 -2.41
HEALTH SCIENCES 0 0 0.1 -0.1
OTHER STUDIES IN NATURAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 0 0 0.2 -0.2
LIFE SCIENCES RESEARCH RELATED TO HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE 0 0 0.2 -0.2
PSYCHOLOGY 0 0 0.2 -0.2
EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY 0 0 0.2 -0.2
MICROBIOLOGY 0 0 0.1 -0.1
04 Earth Sciences 0 0 2.21 -2.21
03 Chemical Sciences 0 0 1.01 -1.01
17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences 0 0 0.3 -0.3
05 Environmental Sciences 0 0 2.11 -2.11
15 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services 0 0 0.2 -0.2
HYDROLOGY 0 0 0.1 -0.1
22 Philosophy and Religious Studies 0 0 0.3 -0.3
21 History and Archaeology 0 0 0.3 -0.3
20 Language, Communication and Culture 0 0 0.5 -0.5
19 Studies in Creative Arts and Writing 0 0 0.3 -0.3
18 Law and Legal Studies 0 0 0.1 -0.1
16 Studies in Human Society 0 0 0.4 -0.4
14 Economics 0 0 0.2 -0.2
06 Biological Sciences 0 0 3.42 -3.42
13 Education 0 0 0.9 -0.9
12 Built Environment and Design 0 0 0.2 -0.2
11 Medical and Health Sciences 0 0 2.41 -2.41
10 Technology 0 0 2.61 -2.61
09 Engineering 0 0 2.31 -2.31
08 Information and Computing Sciences 0 0 4.52 -4.52
07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences 0 0 1.01 -1.01
FLUID MECHANICS 0 0 0.1 -0.1
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 0 0 0.1 -0.1
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING 0 0 0.1 -0.1
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 0 0 0.1 -0.1
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 0 0 0.1 -0.1
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 0 0 0.2 -0.2
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 0 0 0.2 -0.2
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 0 0 0.1 -0.1
EARTH SCIENCE 0 0 0.1 -0.1
CONDENSED MATTERPHYSICS 0 0 0.1 -0.1
ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 0 0 0.3 -0.3
THEORETICAL PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 0 0 0.1 -0.1
PHYSICS 0 0 0.1 -0.1
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 0 0 0.4 -0.4
APPLIED MATHEMATICS 0 0 0.1 -0.1

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